Definition-

Are you a proficient (CEFR level C1) English learner? You can practise reading in this part to improve your comprehension of lengthy, complicated books that cover a wide range of topics, some of which may be unfamiliar. Specialized articles, biographies, and summaries are examples of texts.

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Example-

You might be excused for worrying about the future at night if your only sources of information about the world are the news and newspapers. According to reports, human mortality is increasing at an alarming rate, while birth rates are outpacing the capacity of the planet's resources. To make matters worse, the richest nations in the world have a small number of citizens who control all the money. While the West becomes affluent, people in low-income nations endure hardship. Isn't that downbeat? 

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But do the numbers back up our pessimistic perspective of the world, or is it actually getting better?

Let's start with the world population. Currently, it is close to 7 billion, which is in accordance with estimates made by the UN in 1958. The same researchers estimate that number will reach close to 11 billion by the year 2100. But did you realise that the number will probably never exceed 11 billion? Due to the current decline in birth rates, the rate of increase will slow down in the second half of this century. 

declining natal rates? Yes, that is accurate. 

Less young child mortality over the past two centuries was a result of advancements in technology and health, which accelerated population expansion. Even more children from these huge families lived to adulthood and had offspring of their own.But since more people had access to contraception in the 1960s, the average number of children born per woman around the world has dropped from six to as few as two. 

Poverty is the main cause of child mortality. Even though only 20% of the world's population still receives roughly 74% of its income, 60% of the population now belongs to a middle-income bracket, with only 11.6% of people—the lowest number ever—continuing to live in situations of extreme poverty. International assistance might reasonably help the UN reach its goal of ending poverty by 2030 if the vast majority of people on the planet have money.Because parents can anticipate their current children to live, birth rates decline as poverty decreases, and the world's population stabilises. 

There is also reason for some optimism when it comes to news reports that lead us to believe that the world is becoming more violent. 30 wars with a death toll of more than 100,000 occurred between the end of World War II and 1990. Even if there are still civil wars today, most nations coexist more peacefully than they did in the past. However, since World War II, wars have killed far more civilians than combatants, and terrorism has increased significantly in recent years. However, the figures are not all awful, even for civilians. The murder rate worldwide decreased marginally from 8 per 100,000 people in 2000 to roughly 5.3 in 2015, despite the fact that violent crime is nine times more likely to result in death than political warfare. 

Of course, none of this implies that everything is great, and whether conflict and poverty personally touch you often depends on the luck of your birthplace. Furthermore, money and natural resources need to be allocated more fairly because we still have significant issues of our own making, notably those related to the environment like global warming. Despite what the media may have you believe, not all news is bad news.

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Conclusion-

Each lesson includes a model text with writing tips, and tasks to test your understanding and practise various writing skills. Begin right away. Hope that this article helped you and for more information on relevant topics you can visit the SpeakoClub website and can learn and explore more about English speaking and writing.

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